Now that we're familiar with the types of approaches available and their approach charts, let's take a look the procedure for conducting an approach. By contrast, localizer course width will be somewhere between 3 and 6 degrees wide.Ī VOR or NDB can also be used as the basis for an instrument approach. It is just less precise than a localizer, being either 6 or 12 degrees wide.
LDA course width is approximately 5 degrees.Ī simplified directional facility, or SDF approach, is also similar to a localizer. And LDA/GS approach is considered to be an approach with vertical guidance, or APV. Some LDA approaches also incorporate a glide slope, making them more similar to an ILS. LDA approaches are not aligned with the runway, but straight in minimums will still be published when the final approach course aligns with the runway centerline within 30 degrees. An LDA is flown with the same technique as a localizer approach. Many aircraft avionics systems will automatically detect and correct for this reverse sensing.Īnother approach similar to a localizer approach is the localizer type directional aid, or LDA approach. When on a back course approach, you must fly away from the needle, not towards it, to keep it centered. The back course from an ILS or localizer might be used for a localizer back course approach.Ī localizer back course approach is flown similar to a localizer approach, with the exception of reverse sensing. In fact, should the glide slope portion of an ILS fail, you can still fly the approach as a non-precision, localizer only approach. A localizer course is flown similar to an ILS without a glide slope. There are several types of non-precision approaches. At the MDA, you follow the lateral guidance given for the procedure to the missed approach point, looking for the airport. Since no vertical guidance is provided, non-precision approach procedures involve stepping down to a safe altitude, which is the minimum descent altitude, or MDA.
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